03 October 2011

India Financials : South India road trip - sweet spot for private banks: JPMorgan

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Apart from sore backs, the major takeaway from our 800 km  road trip across
South  India  was  the  sense  of  a  significant  loan  opportunity  in  semi-urban
India,  with  relatively  safe  credit  practices.  We  believe  Private  banks’
recently  deepened  distribution  puts  them in  a  sweet  spot,  scoring  on
service levels over PSUs and on stronger risk practices over NBFCs.
 Improving  credit  penetration. Greater  affluence  is  creating  a  new
bankable  customer segment. This is  not the traditional low-ticket/high-risk
borrower, given the ability and willingness to offer tangible security. Private
banks  have  a  distinct  advantage  – they  score  above PSUs  on  service  and
above vertically-structured NBFCs with product diversity.
 The  way  to  go  is  high-touch. Weak  data  impedes  the  efficacy  of  the
templated,  credit-scoring  urban  consumer  credit  model.  NBFCs have  built
their  success  on this  proposition,  and the  banks  are  making the  necessary
adjustments  to  make  their  business  more  high-touch  in  these  areas.
Expanding ticket sizes support the economics.
 NBFCs – up the risk curve.  We detect a bit of aggression in NBFCs. High
LTVs  and poor  customer  data  indicate  an  unstable  equilibrium  – an  NPL
shock could feed on itself and become bigger. We also see risk from tighter
regulations (like 90-day NPL recognition).
 State  banks  facing  challenges.  The  improved  distribution  of  the  larger
private banks weakens a key competitive advantage for the PSUs. They still
struggle to meet service standards, and lack of employee stability  (constant
transfers) makes the high-touch model not viable.
 Technology is a key driver to financial inclusion, with lower costs enabling
the  opening  of  $2  accounts.  This  process  will,  however,  still  need  a
regulatory  push,  as  balances  are  still  too  low  to  incentivize  banks  from a
purely commercial angle.

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